The multiple effects of global warming on human health

Hundreds of thousands of people, in all countries of the world, die every year from the direct and indirect consequences of global warming. Heat waves, heavy rains, wildfires, storms and droughts: The likelihood and severity of extreme weather events are well documented but are not necessarily related to human health.

Through 43 indicators developed by one hundred experts, the British Journal scalpelIn partnership with 51 institutions, including the World Health Organization (WHO), it is trying to put health back at the center of the debate. for him The “Countdown to Health and Climate Change” was released on Wednesday, October 26a few days before the start of the global climate conference, COP27, on November 5. ‘We are at a turning point’Marina Romanello, executive director of the project at University College London, insists:

“We are witnessing the severe health effects of climate change around the world, while continued global dependence on fossil fuels is exacerbating these adverse health effects against the backdrop of multiple global crises.”

Because of the rapid rise in temperatures — the Earth’s average surface temperature is 1.1°C warmer than pre-industrial times, and the past seven years have been the warmest on record — vulnerable populations such as people over 65 and children under One year old. To high temperatures for a longer and longer period. In Europe in particular, population exposure to heat waves increased on average by 57% in 2010-19 compared to the previous decade, and by over 250% in certain regions such as southern Spain or the Czech Republic.

Deaths can double in thirty-four years

Direct health effects, including exacerbation of cardiovascular or respiratory disease, deterioration of sleep and mental health, and increased mortality from injury. Heat-related deaths increased 68% between 2017 and 2021 compared to 2000-2004. In Europe, if trends continue, deaths during heat waves could double within thirty-four years, according to the first published report on the region.

The effect of these higher temperatures can also be seen in economic data. In 2021, 470 billion man-hours were lost, an increase of 37% compared to the annual average from 1990 to 1999. In short, nearly 140 hours per capita in one year. This mainly concerns the agricultural sector (40%) and countries with a low HDI. Potential income losses correspond to 5.6% of GDP in those countries where workers are most vulnerable to the effects of financial fluctuations.

You have 54.12% of this article to read. The following is for subscribers only.