The famous black hole paradox is finally solved

Stephen Hawking’s works It has influenced many areas, particularly those related to cosmology and quantum gravity, particularly within the framework black holes. Today we are interested in it Among his most famous paradoxes, exactly, black holesbecause the latter will, according to the team of scientists that we will present to you, have finally been resolved.

black holes

In astrophysics, a black hole is Such a compact orb Its gravitational field strength prevents any form of matter (or radiation) from escaping from it. Therefore, such objects cannot emit or scatter light, and therefore they are black, which in astronomy amounts to saying that they are so. “visually invisible”.

black holes Phenomena we don’t fully understand yet. In fact, it is not possible to determine what subsequently entered the black hole, as you will understand. It also works for information. However, View from a remote observer, the information is never completely destroyed because the matter that falls into the black hole only disappears after an infinitely long time. So, is the information that formed the black hole missing or not? This question gave rise to a paradox: The information paradox.

The information paradox

in astrophysics, The information paradox It is a paradox highlighted by Stephen Hawking in 1976, a paradox that opposes the laws of quantum mechanics to those of general relativity. In fact, general relativity indicates that information can essentially disappear into a black hole, after that hole evaporates. This loss of information points to the irreversibility and non-unitary evolution of quantum states, in fundamental contradiction to the assumptions of quantum mechanics. We can sum it up like this : Einstein’s general theory of relativity asserts that information about what enters a black hole cannot emerge, while quantum mechanics asserts that it is impossible.

This paradox has given rise to a great deal of research, as it is a very important issue in the world of theoretical physics. Famous Physicists from all over the world They researched it, and offered complex explanations. Some scientists have even suggested that aspects of quantum mechanics were wrong. terrifying prospect For theoretical physicists, because quantum mechanics is one of the pillars upon which most of our understanding of the universe is based. For now, we can finally say it The laws of quantum mechanics And Einstein’s relativity is well and truly compatible, even when it comes to evoking black holes.

Solve the paradox

New Research Claims It Has Finally Been Solved The information paradox, by showing that black holes have a property called “quantum hair”. Professor Xavier Calmette, from the University of Sussex exclaimed “The problem has been resolved!”exclusively for BBC News. Professor Calmette And his colleagues have demonstrated that the components of the star leave an imprint in the gravitational field of the black hole.

Scientists called this imprint “quantum poetry”since their theory supersedes an earlier idea called the “no-hair theory”, which was developed in the 1960s. Professor CalmettePublished in the magazine Physical Review LettersHe is revolutionary. Not only does he claim that black holes are not “bald” as previously thought, but he also claims to solve the Hawking paradox that has so deeply troubled physicists ever since. the seventies. The idea of ​​a “quantum hair” would allow information about what enters a black hole without violating any of the important principles of both theories. Regard Simple and elegant solution.

Professor Calmette He said of his discovery:

It will take time for people to accept it. One consequence of Hawking’s paradox was that general relativity and quantum mechanics are incompatible. What we found is that they are completely compatible. So it will take time for people to accept that there is no need for a radical solution to the problem.

The research team which also includes Professor Roberto Casadio DE University of Bologna and Professor Stephen Hsu He received his Ph.D. from Michigan State University, on the work of Professor Suvrat Raju from the International Center for Theoretical Sciences in Bengaluru, India. Professor Raju thinks they managed together Hawking’s paradox. And if you want to know the mysterious message Stephen Hawking left on his board that can finally be deciphered, you can refer to for us Previous article on this topic.